CHAPTER XXIV
OUTER SPACE2Agreement governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial BodiesNew York, 5 December 197911 July 1984, in accordance with article 19(3).11 July 1984, No. 23002Signatories11Parties17United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 1363, p. 3; and depositary notification C.N.107.1981.TREATIES-2 of 27 May 1981 [procès-verbal of rectification of the English authentic text of article 5 (1)].The Agreement was adopted by resolution <a href="/doc/source/docs/A_RES_34_68-E.pdf" target="_blank">34/68</a><superscript>1</superscript>of the General Assembly of the United Nations dated 5 December 1979. It was opened for signature on 18 December 1979.
ParticipantSignatureRatification, Accession(a)Armenia19 Jan 2018 aAustralia 7 Jul 1986 aAustria21 May 1980 11 Jun 1984 Belgium29 Jun 2004 aChile 3 Jan 1980 12 Nov 1981 France29 Jan 1980 Guatemala20 Nov 1980 India18 Jan 1982 Kazakhstan11 Jan 2001 aKuwait28 Apr 2014 aLebanon12 Apr 2006 aMexico11 Oct 1991 aMorocco25 Jul 1980 21 Jan 1993 Netherlands (Kingdom of the)<superscript>2</superscript>27 Jan 1981 17 Feb 1983 Pakistan27 Feb 1986 aPeru23 Jun 1981 23 Nov 2005 Philippines23 Apr 1980 26 May 1981 Romania17 Apr 1980 Saudi Arabia<superscript>3</superscript>[18 Jul 2012 a]Türkiye29 Feb 2012 aUruguay 1 Jun 1981 9 Nov 1981 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 3 Nov 2016 a
Declarations and Reservations(Unless otherwise indicated, the declarations and reservations were madeupon ratification or accession.)FranceUpon signature: Interpretative statement:France is of the view that the provisions of article 3, paragraph 2, of the Agreement relating to the use or threat of force cannot be construed as anything other than a reaffirmation, for the purposes of the field of endeavour covered by the Agreement, of the principle of the prohibition of the threat or use of force, which States are obliged to observe in their international relations, as set forth in the United Nations Charter.1<i> Official Records of the General Assembly, Thirty-fourth Session, Supplement No. 46 </i> (A/34/46), p. 77.2For the Kingdom in Europe and the Netherlands Antilles. See also note 1 under “Netherlands” regarding Netherlands Antilles in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.3On 5 January 2023, the Government of Saudi Arabia notified the Secretary-General of its decision to withdraw from the Agreement with effect from 5 January 2024 in accordance with article 20 of the Agreement.