CHAPTER XVI

STATUS OF WOMEN1Convention on the Political Rights of WomenNew York, 31 March 1953Entry into force7 July 1954, in accordance with article VI.Registration7 July 1954, No. 2613StatusSignatories47Parties123TextUnited Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 193, p. 135.The Convention was opened for signature pursuant to resolution <a href="/doc/source/docs/A_RES_640_VII-E.pdf" target="_blank">640 (VII)</a>,<superscript>1</superscript> adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 20 December 1952.

Participant<superscript>2,3</superscript>SignatureRatification, Accession(a), Succession(d)Afghanistan16 Nov 1966 aAlbania12 May 1955 aAlgeria 5 Aug 2004 aAngola17 Sep 1986 aAntigua and Barbuda25 Oct 1988 dArgentina31 Mar 1953 27 Feb 1961 Armenia24 Jan 2008 aAustralia10 Dec 1974 aAustria19 Oct 1959 18 Apr 1969 Bahamas16 Aug 1977 dBangladesh 5 Oct 1998 aBarbados12 Jan 1973 aBelarus31 Mar 1953 11 Aug 1954 Belgium20 May 1964 aBolivia (Plurinational State of) 9 Apr 1953 22 Sep 1970 Bosnia and Herzegovina<superscript>4</superscript> 1 Sep 1993 dBrazil20 May 1953 13 Aug 1963 Bulgaria17 Mar 1954 aBurkina Faso 9 Dec 1998 aBurundi18 Feb 1993 aCambodia11 Nov 2001 Canada30 Jan 1957 aCentral African Republic 4 Sep 1962 dChile31 Mar 1953 18 Oct 1967 Colombia 5 Aug 1986 aCongo15 Oct 1962 dCosta Rica31 Mar 1953 25 Jul 1967 Côte d'Ivoire18 Dec 1995 aCroatia<superscript>4</superscript>12 Oct 1992 dCuba31 Mar 1953 8 Apr 1954 Cyprus10 Sep 1968 12 Nov 1968 Czech Republic<superscript>5</superscript>22 Feb 1993 dDemocratic Republic of the Congo12 Oct 1977 aDenmark29 Oct 1953 7 Jul 1954 Dominican Republic31 Mar 1953 11 Dec 1953 Ecuador<superscript>6</superscript>31 Mar 1953 23 Apr 1954 Egypt 8 Sep 1981 aEl Salvador24 Jun 1953 26 Mar 2008 Eswatini20 Jul 1970 aEthiopia31 Mar 1953 21 Jan 1969 Fiji12 Jun 1972 dFinland 6 Oct 1958 aFrance31 Mar 1953 22 Apr 1957 Gabon19 Apr 1967 19 Apr 1967 Georgia 6 Jul 2005 aGermany<superscript>7,8</superscript> 4 Nov 1970 aGhana28 Dec 1965 aGreece 1 Apr 1953 29 Dec 1953 Guatemala31 Mar 1953 7 Oct 1959 Guinea19 Mar 1975 24 Jan 1978 Haiti23 Jul 1957 12 Feb 1958 Hungary 2 Sep 1954 20 Jan 1955 Iceland25 Nov 1953 30 Jun 1954 India29 Apr 1953 1 Nov 1961 Indonesia31 Mar 1953 16 Dec 1958 Ireland14 Nov 1968 aIsrael14 Apr 1953 6 Jul 1954 Italy 6 Mar 1968 aJamaica14 Aug 1966 aJapan 1 Apr 1955 13 Jul 1955 Jordan 1 Jul 1992 aKazakhstan28 Mar 2000 aKyrgyzstan10 Feb 1997 aLao People's Democratic Republic28 Jan 1969 aLatvia14 Apr 1992 aLebanon24 Feb 1954 5 Jun 1956 Lesotho 4 Nov 1974 aLiberia 9 Dec 1953 Libya16 May 1989 aLuxembourg 4 Jun 1969 1 Nov 1976 Madagascar12 Feb 1964 aMalawi29 Jun 1966 aMali16 Jul 1974 aMalta 9 Jul 1968 aMauritania 4 May 1976 aMauritius18 Jul 1969 dMexico31 Mar 1953 23 Mar 1981 Mongolia18 Aug 1965 aMontenegro<superscript>9</superscript>23 Oct 2006 dMorocco22 Nov 1976 aMyanmar14 Sep 1954 Nepal26 Apr 1966 aNetherlands (Kingdom of the) 8 Aug 1968 30 Jul 1971 New Zealand22 May 1968 aNicaragua17 Jan 1957 aNiger 7 Dec 1964 dNigeria11 Jul 1980 17 Nov 1980 North Macedonia<superscript>4</superscript>18 Jan 1994 dNorway18 Sep 1953 24 Aug 1956 Pakistan18 May 1954 7 Dec 1954 Papua New Guinea27 Jan 1982 aParaguay16 Nov 1953 22 Feb 1990 Peru 1 Jul 1975 aPhilippines23 Sep 1953 12 Sep 1957 Poland31 Mar 1953 11 Aug 1954 Republic of Korea23 Jun 1959 aRepublic of Moldova26 Jan 1993 aRomania27 Apr 1954 6 Aug 1954 Russian Federation31 Mar 1953 3 May 1954 Rwanda26 Sep 2003 aSenegal 2 May 1963 dSerbia<superscript>4</superscript>12 Mar 2001 dSierra Leone25 Jul 1962 aSlovakia<superscript>5</superscript>28 May 1993 dSlovenia<superscript>4</superscript> 6 Jul 1992 dSolomon Islands<superscript>10</superscript> 3 Sep 1981 aSouth Africa29 Jan 1993 Spain14 Jan 1974 aSt. Vincent and the Grenadines27 Apr 1999 dState of Palestine 2 Jan 2015 aSweden 6 Oct 1953 31 Mar 1954 Tajikistan 7 Jun 1999 aThailand 5 Mar 1954 30 Nov 1954 Trinidad and Tobago24 Jun 1966 aTunisia24 Jan 1968 aTürkiye12 Jan 1954 26 Jan 1960 Turkmenistan11 Oct 1999 aUganda21 Jun 1995 aUkraine31 Mar 1953 15 Nov 1954 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland24 Feb 1967 aUnited Republic of Tanzania19 Jun 1975 aUnited States of America 8 Apr 1976 aUruguay26 May 1953 Uzbekistan29 Sep 1997 aVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)31 May 1983 aYemen<superscript>11</superscript> 9 Feb 1987 aZambia 4 Feb 1972 aZimbabwe 5 Jun 1995 aAlbania1. <i>As regards Article VII </i>: The People's Republic of Albania declares its disagreement with the last sentence of article VII and considers that the juridical effect of a reservation is to make the Convention operative as between the State making the reservation and all other States parties to the Convention, with the exception only of that part thereof to which the reservation relates.2. <i>As regards Article IX: </i> The People's Republic of Albania does not consider itself bound by the provisions of article IX which provides that disputes between Contracting Parties con- cerning the interpretation or application of this Convention shall at the request of any one of the parties to the dispute be referred to the International Court of Justice for decision, and declares that for any dispute to be referred to the International Court of Justice for decision the agreement of all the parties to the dispute shall be necessary in each individual case.Antigua and Barbuda"The Government of Antigua and Barbuda reserves from the application of this Convention all matters relating to the recruit- ment to, and conditions of service in, the armed forces of Antigua and Barbuda."ArgentinaThe Argentine Government reserves the right not to submit to the procedure set out in this article [article IX] any dispute which is directly connected with territories which fall within Argentine sovereignty.Australia"The Government of Australia hereby declares that the accession by Australia shall be subject to the reservation that article III of the Convention shall have no application as regards recruitment to and conditions of service in the Defence Forces."The Government of Australia furthermore declares that the Convention shall not extend to Papua New Guinea."Austria<superscript>12</superscript>Bangladesh<superscript>13</superscript>Declarations:Article III:"The Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh will apply article III of the Convention in consonance with the relevant provisions of the Constitution of Bangladesh and in particular, article 28 (4) allowing special provision in favour of women; article 29.3 (c) allowing reservation of any class of employment or office for one sex on the ground that it is considered by its nature to be unsuited to members of the opposite sex; and article 65 (3) providing for reservation of 30 seats in the National Assembly for women in addition to the provision allowing women to be elected to any and all of the 300 seats.Article IX:For the submission of any dispute in terms of this article to the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice, the consent of all the parties to the dispute will be required in each case."Belarus<superscript>14</superscript><i>As regards article VII: </i>[ <i>Same declaration as the one reproduced </i><i>under "Albania". </i>]Belgium<superscript>15</superscript>Bulgaria<superscript>16</superscript><i>As regards article VII: </i>[ <i>Same declaration and reservation as the one </i>s<i>reproduced under "Albania". </i>]Canada"Inasmuch as under the Canadian constitutional system legislative jurisdiction in respect of political rights is divided between the provinces and the Federal Government, the Government of Canada is obliged, in acceding to this Convention, to make a reservation in respect of rights within the legislative jurisdiction of the provinces."Czech Republic<superscript>5</superscript>DenmarkSubject to a reservation with respect to article III of the Con- vention, in so far as it relates to the right of women to hold military appointments or to act as heads of recruitment services or to serve on recruitment boards.Eswatini"(a) Article III of the Convention shall have no application as regards remuneration for women in certain posts in the Civil Service of the Kingdom of Swaziland;"(b) The Convention shall have no application to matters which are regulated by Swaziland Law and Custom in accordance with Section 62 (2) of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland. [(a) The office of Nggwenyama; (b) the office of Ndlovukazi (the Queen Mother); (c) the authorization of a person to perform the functions of Regent for the purposes of section 30 of this Constitution; (d) the appointment, revocation of appointment and suspension of Chiefs; (e) the composition of the Swazi National Council, the appointment and revocation of appointment of members of the Council, and the procedure of the Council; (f) the Ncwala Ceremony; (g) the Libutfo (regimental) system.]Fiji"The reservations of the United Kingdom 1 (a), (b), (d) and (f) are affirmed and are redrafted as more suitable to the situation of Fiji in the following terms:"Article III is accepted subject to reservations, pending noti- fication of withdrawal of any case, insofar as it relates to:"(a) succession to the Crown;"(b) certain offices primarily of a ceremonial nature;"(d) recruitment to and conditions of service in the armed forces;"(f) the employment of married women in the civil service"All other reservations made by the United Kingdom are withdrawn."Finland<i>As regards Article III: </i> "A decree may be issued to the effect that only men or women can be appointed to certain functions, which because of their nature, can be properly discharged either only by men or by women."France<superscript>17</superscript>Germany<superscript>7</superscript>"The Federal Republic of Germany accedes to the Conven- tion with the reservation that article III of the Convention does not apply to service in the armed forces."Guatemala<superscript>18</superscript>Hungary<superscript>19</superscript><i>As regards article VII:</i><i>[Same declaration as the one reproduced</i><i>under "Albania".]</i>India"Article III of the Convention shall have no application as regards recruitment to, and conditions of service in any of the Armed Forces of India or the Forces charged with the mainten- ance of public order in India."Indonesia"The last sentence of article VII and the whole article IX do not apply to Indonesia."Ireland"Article III is accepted subject to reservation in so far as it relates to"(a) the employment of married women in the public service;"(b) the unequal remuneration of women in certain positions in the public service,"and subject to the following declarations:"(1) that the exclusion of women from positions of employ- ment for which by objective standards or for physical reasons they are not suitable is not regarded as discriminatory;"(2) that the fact that jury service is not at present obligatory for women is not regarded as discriminatory."Italy"In acceding to the Convention on the Political Rights of Women, done at New York on 31 March 1953, the Italian Government declares that it reserves its rights to apply the provisions of Art. III as far as service in the armed forces and in special armed corps is concerned within the limits established by national legislation."Lesotho"Article III is accepted subject to reservation, pending noti- fication of withdrawal in any case, so far as it relates to: Matters regulated by Basotho Law and Custom."Malta"In acceding to this Convention, the Government of Malta hereby declares that it does not consider itself bound by article III in so far as that article applies to conditions of service in the Public Service and to Jury Service."Mauritius"The Government of Mauritius hereby declares that it does not consider itself bound by article III of the Convention in so far as that Article applies to recruitment to and conditions of service in the armed forces or to jury service."MexicoDeclaration:"It is expressly understood that the Government of Mexico will not deposit its instrument of ratification pending the entry into force of the amendment to the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States which is now under consideration, providing that citizenship rights shall be granted to Mexican women."Mongolia<superscript>20</superscript>"To articles IV and V:"The Government of the Mongolian People's Republic declares its disagreement with paragraph 1 of article IV and paragraph 1 of article V and considers that the present Convention should be open to all States for signature or accession.MoroccoThe consent of all the parties concerned is required for the referral of any dispute to the International Court of Justice.Nepal<i>As regards article IX of the Convention: </i> "A dispute shall be referred for decision to the International Court of Justice only at the request of all the parties to the dispute."Netherlands (Kingdom of the)<superscript>21</superscript>New Zealand"Subject to a reservation with respect to Article III of the Convention, in so far as it relates to recruitment and conditions of service in the armed forces of New Zealand."Pakistan"Article III of the Convention shall have no application as regards recruitment to and conditions of services charged with the maintenance of public order or unsuited to women because of the hazards involved."Poland<superscript>22</superscript><i>As regards article VII: </i>[<i> Same declaration and reservation as the ones reproduced under "Albania". </i>]Romania<superscript>23</superscript><i>As regards article VII: </i>[ <i>Same declaration and reservation as the ones reproduced under "Albania". </i>]Russian Federation<superscript>14</superscript><i>As regards article VII: </i>[ <i>Same declaration as the one reproduced under "Albania". </i>]Sierra Leone"In acceding to this Convention, the Government of Sierra Leone hereby declares that it does not consider itself bound by article III in so far as that article applies to recruitment to and conditions of service in the Armed Forces or to jury service."Slovakia<superscript>5</superscript>Solomon Islands<right>10 May 1982</right>In relation to the succession:The Government of Solomon Islands declared that Solomon Islands maintains the reservations entered by the United Kingdom save in so far as the same cannot apply to Solomon Islands.SpainArticles I and III of the Convention shall be interpreted with out prejudice to the provisions which in current Spanish legisla- tion define the status of head of family.Articles II and III shall be interpreted without prejudice to the norms relating to the office of Head of State contained in the Spanish Fundamental Laws.Article III shall be interpreted without prejudice to the fact that certain functions, which by their nature can be exercised satisfactorily only by men or only by women, shall be exercised exclusively by men or by women, as appropriate, in accordance with Spanish legislation.St. Vincent and the GrenadinesReservation:“The Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines reserves from the application of article III of this Convention all matters relating to the recruitment to, and conditions of service in, the armed forces of St. Vincent and the Grenadines.”Tunisia[Article IX] For any dispute to be referred to the International Court of Justice, the agreement of all the parties to the dispute shall be necessary in every case.Ukraine<superscript>14</superscript><i>As regards article VII: </i>[ <i>Same declaration as the one reproduced under "Albania" </i>.]United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland<superscript>24</superscript>The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland accedes to the Convention with the following reservations submitted in accordance with article VII:"(1) Article III is accepted subject to reservations, pending notification of withdrawal in any case, in so far as it relates to:"(a) succession to the Crown;"(b) certain offices primarily of a ceremonial nature;"(c) the function of sitting and voting in the House of Lords pertaining to holders of hereditary peerages and holders of certain offices in the Church of England;"(d) recruitment to and conditions of service in the armed forces;"(e) jury service in Grenada, [...] as well as in the Kingdom of Tonga;"(f) . . ."(g) remuneration for women in the Civil Service of [...] Hong Kong, as well as of the Protectorate of Swaziland;"(h) . . ."(i) in the State of Brunei, the exercise of the royal powers, jury service or its equivalent and the holding of certain offices governed by Islamic Law."(2) The United Kingdom reserves the right to postpone the application of this Convention in respect of women living in the Colony of Aden, having regard to the local customs and tradi- tions. Further, the United Kingdom reserves the right not to apply this Convention to Rhodesia unless and until the United Kingdom informs the Secretary-General of the United Nations that it is in a position to ensure that the obligations imposed by the Convention in respect of that territory can be fully implemented."Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)<i>Reservation with regard to article IX: </i>[Venezuela] does not accept the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice for the settlement of disputes concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention.Yemen<superscript>11</superscript>(a) The People's Democratic Republic of Yemen declares that it does not accept the last sentence of article VII and considers that the juridical effect of a reservation is to make the Convention operative as between the State making the reservation and all other States parties to the Convention with the exception only of that part thereof to which the reservation relates.(b) The People's Democratic Republic of Yemen does not consider itself bound by the text of article IX, which provides that disputes between Contracting Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention may, at the request of any one of the parties to the dispute, be referred to the International Court of Justice. It declares that the competence of the International Court of Justice with respect to disputes concerning the interpretation or application of the Convention shall in each case be subject to the express consent of all parties to the dispute.CanadaObjection to the reservations made in respect of articles VII and IX by the Governments of Albania, Bulgaria, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.Czech Republic<superscript>5</superscript>DenmarkObjection to the reservations in respect of articles VII and IX:[ <i>Same States as the ones listed under "Canada". </i>]Dominican RepublicObjection to the reservations made by the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in respect of articles VII and IX.EthiopiaObjection to the reservations in respect of articles VII and IX:[ <i>Same States as the ones listed under "Canada". </i>]IsraelObjection to the reservations in respect of articles VII and IX:[ <i>Same States as the ones listed under "Canada". </i>]Montenegro<superscript>9</superscript>Confirmed upon succession:Objection to the reservations made by the Government of Guatemala, in respect of articles I, II and III, as these reservations "are not in accordance with the principles contained in Article I of the Charter of the United Nations and with the aims of the Convention".NorwayObjection to the reservations made by the Government of Argentina in respect of article VII.Objection to the reservations made by the Government of Guatemala in respect of articles I, II and III.Objection to the reservations in respect of articles VII and IX:[ <i>Same States as the ones listed under "Canada". </i>]<right>15 March 1999</right>With regard to the reservation with reagard to article III made by the Government of Bangladesh upon accession:"A reservation by which a State Party limits its responsibilities under the Convention by invoking general principles of internal law may create doubts about the commitment of the reserving State to the object and purpose of the Convention and, moreover contribute to undermining the basis of international treaty law. Under well-established international treaty law, a state is not permitted to invoke internal law as justification for its failure to perform its treaty obligations. For this reason, the Government of Norway objects to the said reservation made by the Government of Bangladesh.The Government of Norway does not consider this objection to preclude the entry into force in its entirety of the Convention between the Kingdom of Norway and the People's Republic of Bangladesh, the Convention thus becomes operative between the Kingdom of Norway and the People's Republic of Bangladesh without the Republic of Bangladesh benefiting from these reservations."PakistanObjection to the reservations made by the Government of Argentina in respect of article VII.Objection to the reservation made by France and recorded in the procès-verbal of signature of the Convention.Objection to the reservations made by the Government of Guatemala in respect of articles I, II and III.Objection to the reservations in respect of articles VII and IX:[ <i>Same States as the ones listed under "Canada". </i>]PhilippinesObjection to the reservations made by the Government of Albania in respect of articles VII and IX.Objection to the reservations made by the Government of Romania in respect of articles VII and IX.Republic of KoreaObjection to the reservations made by the Government of Mongolia in respect of articles IV, paragraph 1, and V, paragraph 1.Objection to the reservations made by the Government of Mongolia in respect of articles IV, paragraph 1, and V, paragraph 1.Serbia<superscript>4</superscript>Confirmed upon succession:Objection to the reservations made by the Government of Guatemala, in respect of articles I, II and III, as these reservations "are not in accordance with the principles contained in Article I of the Charter of the United Nations and with the aims of the Convention".Slovakia<superscript>5</superscript>SwedenObjection to reservations:[ <i>Same objections as the ones listed under "Norway". </i>]<right>14 December 1999</right>With regard to the declarations made by Bangladesh upon accession:“In this context the Government of Sweden would like to recall, that under well-established international treaty law, the name assigned to a statement whereby the legal effect of certain provisions of a treaty is excluded or modified, does not determine its status as a reservation to the treaty. Thus, the Government of Sweden considers that the declarations made by the Government of Bangladesh, in the absence of further clarification, in substance constitute reservations to the Convention.The Government of Sweden notes that the declaration relating to article III is of a general kind, stating that Bangladesh will apply the said article in consonance with the relevant provisions of its Constitution. The Government of Sweden is of the view that this declaration raises doubts as to the commitment of Bangladesh to the object and purpose of the Convention and would recall that, according to well-established international law, a reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of a treaty shall not be permitted.It is in the common interest of States that treaties to which they have chosen to become parties are respected, as to their object and purpose, by all parties and that States are prepared to undertake any legislative changes necessary to comply with their obligations under those treaties.For the reasons set out above the Government of Sweden objects to the aforesaid declaration made by the Government of Bangladesh to the Convention on the Political Rights of Women.This objection does not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between Bangladesh and Sweden. The Convention will thus become operative between the two States without Bangladesh benefitting from the declaration".

ParticipantDate of receipt of the notificationTerritories

Netherlands (Kingdom of the)<superscript>25</superscript>30 Jul 1971SurinameUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland<superscript>3,26</superscript>24 Feb 1967Territories under the territorial sovereignty of the United Kingdom, British Solomon Islands Protectorate, State of Brunei, Protectorate of Swaziland, Kingdom of Tonga1<i> Official Records of the General Assembly, Seventh Session, Supplement No. 20 </i> (A/2361), p. 27.2Signed and ratified on behalf of the Republic of China on 9 June 1953 and 21 December 1953, respectively. See note concerning signatures, ratifications, accessions, etc., on behalf of China (note 1 under “China” in the “Historical Information” secton in the front matter of this volume).In communications addressed to the Secretary-General with reference to the above-mentioned signature and/or ratification, the Permanent Missions to the United Nations of Czechoslovakia, Denmark, India, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Yugoslavia stated that, since their Governments did not recognize the Nationalist Chinese authorities as the Government of China, they could not regard the said signature or ratification as valid. The Permanent Missions of Czechoslovakia and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics further stated that the sole authorities entitled to act for China and the Chinese people in the United Nations and in international relations, and to sign, ratify, accede or denounce treaties, conventions and agreements on behalf of China, were the Government of the People's Republic of China and its duly appointed representatives.In a note addressed to the Secretary-General, the Permanent Mission of China to the United Nations stated that the Government of the Republic of China was the only legal Government which represented China and the Chinese people in international relations and that, therefore, the allegations made in the above-mentioned communica tions as to the lack of validity of the signature or ratification in question had no legal foundation whatever.3On 10 June 1997, the Governments of China and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland notified the Secretary-General of the following:China:[ <i>Same notification as the one made under note 6 in chapter V.3. </i>]United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland:[ <i>Same notification as the one made under note 5 in chapter IV.1. </i>]In addition, the notification made by the Government of China contained the following declaration:The signature and ratification by the Taiwan authorities in the name of China respectively on 9 June 1953 and 21 December 1953 of the [said Convention] are all illegal and therefore null and void.4The former Yugoslavia had signed and ratified the Convention on 31 March 1953 and 23 June 1954, respectively. The former Yugoslavia had also made the following objection:Objection to the reservations made by the Government of Guatemala, in respect of articles I, II and III, as these reservations "are not in accordance with the principles contained in Article I of the Charter of the United Nations and with the aims of the Convention".See also note 1 under “Bosnia and Herzegovina”, “Croatia”, “former Yugoslavia”, “Slovenia”, “The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia” and “Yugoslavia” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.5Czechoslovakia had signed and ratified the Convention on 31 March 1953 and 6 April 1995, respectively, with reservations, one of which regarding article IX of the Convention, had been withdrawn on 26 April 1991. For the text of the said reservations, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 193, p. 157. Subsequently, on 10 June 1974, the Government of Czechoslovakia formulated an objection to the reservation made by Spain. For the text of the objection, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 940, p. 340. See also note 1 under “Czech Republic” and note 1 under “Slovakia” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.6On 14 September 2015, the Government of Ecuador notified the Secretary-General that it had decided to withdraw its reservation made upon signature and confirmed upon ratification, that read as follows: "The Government of Ecuador signs this Convention subject to a reservation with respect to the last phrase in article I, `without any discrimination', since article 22 of the Political Constitution of the Republic specifies that "a vote in popular elections is obligatory for a man and optional for a woman".7The German Democratic Republic had acceded to the Convention with reservations and a declaration on 27 March 1973. For the text of the reservations and declaration, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 861, p. 203. See note 2 under “Germany” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.8See note 1 under “Germany” regarding Berlin (West) in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.9See note 1 under "Montenegro" in the "Historical Information" section in the front matter of this volume.10In a communication received on 10 May 1982, the Government of Solomon Islands declared that Solomon Islands maintains the reservations entered by the United Kingdom save in so far as the same cannot apply to Solomon Islands.11The formality was effected by Democratic Yemen. See also note 1 under “Yemen” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.12On 11 September 2000, the Government of Austria notified the Secretary-General that it had decided to withdraw its reservation to article III made upon ratification. For the text of the reservation, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 669, p. 312.13In this regard, the Secretary-General received the following communications on the dates indicated hereinafter:<i>Germany (17 December 1999): </i>“The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany notes that the declaration with regard to article III of the Convention, application of that article “in consonance with the relevant provisions of the Constitution of Bangladesh”, constitutes a reservation of a general nature in respect of a provision of the Convention which may be contrary to the Constitution of Bangladesh.The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany is of the view that this general reservation raises doubts as to the full commitment of Bangladesh to the object and purpose of the Convention. It is in the common interest of States that treaties to which they have chosen to become Parties are respected, as to their object and purpose, by all Parties and that States are prepared to undertake any legislative changes necessary to comply with their obligations under these treaties.The Government of the Federal Republic of Germany therefore objects to the reservation made by the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh to the Convention on the Political Rights of Women. This objection does not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between the Federal Republic of Germany and the People's Republic of Bangladesh".<i>Netherlands (20 December 1999): </i>"The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands has examined the declarations made by the Government of Bangladesh at the time of its accession to the Convention on the political rights of women and considers the declaration concerning Article III as a reservation.The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands considers that such a reservation, which seeks to limit the responsibilities of the reserving State under the Convention by invoking national law, may raise doubts as to the commitment of this State to the object and purpose of the Convention and, moreover, contributedermining the basis of international treaty law.It is in the common interest of States that treaties to which they have chosen to become parties should be respected, as to object and purpose, by all parties.The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands therefore objects to the aforementioned reservation made by the Government of Bangladesh.This objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Bangladesh".14In communications received on 8 March 1989, 19 and 20 April 1989, respectively, the Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic notified the Secretary-General that they had decided to withdraw the reservation relating to article IX. For the text of the reservations, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 193, pp. 170, 154 and 169, respectively.15By notifications received by the Secretary-General on 19 June 1978 and on 14 September 1998, respectively, the Government of Belgium withdrew reservations No. 2 and No. 1 relating to article III of the Convention. For the text of the reservations, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 496, p. 353.16On 24 June 1992, the Government of Bulgaria notified the Secretary-General its decision to withdraw the reservation to article IX made upon accession. For the text of the reservation, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 193, p. 136.17In a communication received on 26 November 1960, the Government of France gave notice of the withdrawal of the reservation made in the procès-verbal of signature of the Convention. For the text of the reservation, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 193, p. 159.18In a communication received on 12 July 2007, the Government of Guatemala notified the Secretary-General that it had deceided to withdraw the reservations made upon ratification. The text of the reservations reads as follows: 1. To articles I, II and III shall apply only to female citizens of Guatemala in accordance with the provisions of article 16, paragraph 2 of the Constitution of the Republic. 2. In order to satisfy constitutional requirements, article IX shall be interpreted subject to the provisions of article 149, paragraph 3 (b) of the Constitution of the Republic.19In a communication received on 8 December 1989, the Government of Hungary notified the Secretary-General that it had decided to withdraw its reservation with respect to article IX made upon ratifica- tion. For the text of the reservation see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 202, p. 382.20In a communication received on 19 July 1990, the Government of Mongolia notified the Secretary-General of its decision to withdraw the reservations to articles VI and IX made upon accession. For the text of the reservations, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 543, p. 362.21On 17 December 1985, the Secretary-General received from the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands a notification of withdrawal of its reservation (the reservation concerned the succession to the Crown) relating to article III of the Convention made upon ratification. For the text of the said reservation, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 790, p. 130.22On 16 October 1997, the Government of Poland notified the Secretary-General that it had decided to withdraw its reservation with regard to article 9 of the Convention made upon ratification. For the text of the reservation see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 196, p. 365.23On 2 April 1997, the Government of Romania informed the Secretary-General that it had decided to withdraw its reservation with regard to article IX. For the text of the reservation, see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 196, p. 363.24The Secretary-General received the following communications from the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on the dates indicated hereinafter:( <i>12 February 1968 </i>):Withdrawal of the reservation contained in sub-paragraph (e), in respect of the Bahamas, as formulated upon accession.( <i>15 October 1974 </i>):Withdrawal of the reservation contained in sub-paragraph (f) (employment of married women in Her Majesty's Diplomatic Service and in the Civil Service) in respect of the territories where the reservation was still applicable, that is to say: Northern Ireland, Antigua, Hong Kong and St. Lucia. The same reservation had been withdrawn in respect of St. Vincent by a notification received on 24 November 1967.On that same date, withdrawal of the reservation contained in sub-paragraph (e) in respect of the Seychelles, to which the said reservation applied originally.( <i>4 January 1995 </i>):Withdrawal of the reservations contained in sub-paragraph (e) in respect of the Isle of Man and Montserrat; in sub-paragraph (g) in respect of Gibraltar; and sub-paragraph (h) in respect of Bailiff in Guernsey.25See note 1 under “Netherlands” regarding Aruba/Netherlands Antilles in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.26For the reservations to article III of the Convention in its application to certain territories, and for the reservations regarding the application of the Convention to the Colony of Aden and to Rhodesia, see "United Kingdom" under " <i>Declarations and Reservations </i>".