CHAPTER X

INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT8Agreement establishing the International Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentRome, 13 June 1976Entry into force30 November 1977, in accordance with article 13 , section 3 (a).Registration30 November 1977, No. 16041StatusSignatories77Parties1781TextUnited Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 1059, p. 191 (including procès-verbal of rectification of the French text of annex 1); vol. 1141, p. 462 (procès-verbal of rectification of the Arabic authentic text); vol. 1457, p. 372 [amendment to section 8 (a) of article 6]; and depositary notifications C.N.873.1998.TREATIES-2 of 12 March 1999 (amendments to articles 3.3, 3.4, 4.2, 4.5, 5.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, 6.6, 12 (A) and 13.3 and Schedules I, II and III effected by Resolution 86/XVIII adopted on 26 January 1995 by the Government Council); C.N.874.1998.TREATIES-3 of 12 March 1999 (amendment to article 4.1 of the Agreement effected by Resolution 100/XX adopted on 21 February 1997 by the Governing Council); C.N.149.2009.TREATIES-2 of 23 July 2009 (amendments to articles 7.2 (A) and (B) of the Agreement effected by Resolution 124/XXIV adopted on 21 February 2001 by the Governing Council); C.N.161.2009.TREATIES-3 of 23 July 2009 (amendments to articles 7.2 (A) and (B) of the Agreement effected by Resolution 141/XXIX adopted on 16 February 2006 by the Governing Council) and C.N.162.2009.TREATIES-4 of 23 July 2009 (amendments to articles 7.2 (G) of the Agreement effected by Resolution 143/XXIX adopted on 16 February 2006 by the Governing Council); C.N.572.2019.TREATIES-X.8 of 1 November 2019 (Amendment to article 4 effected by Resolution 201/XLI of 13 February 2018); C.N.573.2019.TREATIES-X.8 of 1 November 2019 (Amendments to article 7 effected by Resolution 208/XLII of 14 February 2019); C.N.192.2023.TREATIES-X.8 of 21 June 2023 (Amendments to articles 4.1, 4.5, 6.3, 7.1 (b) and 10.2 and addition of article 4.7 effected by Resolution 220/XLIV of 18 February 2021).The Agreement was adopted on 13 June 1976 by the United Nations Conference on the Establishment of an International Fund for Agricultural Development, which met at the Headquarters of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Food Council in Rome, Italy, from 10 to 13 June 1976. In accordance with section 1 (a) of its article 13, the Agreement was opened for signature by the States concerned on 20 December 1976 at the Headquarters of the United Nations in New York. At its Tenth session held in Rome, the Governing Council of the Fund, by its Resolution 44/X of 11 December 1986 adopted, in accordance with article 12 of the Agreement, an amendment to section 8 (a) of article 6 of the Agreement, which amendment entered into force on 11 March 1987, in accordance with article 12 (a) (ii).

Participant<superscript>2</superscript>SignatureRatification, Accession(a), Acceptance(A), Approval(AA)Afghanistan13 Dec 1978 aAlbania 3 Nov 1992 aAlgeria20 Jul 1977 26 May 1978 AAAngola24 Apr 1985 aAntigua and Barbuda21 Jan 1986 aArgentina14 Apr 1977 11 Sep 1978 Armenia23 Mar 1993 aAustralia<superscript>1</superscript>[30 Mar 1977 ][21 Oct 1977 ]Austria 1 Apr 1977 12 Dec 1977 Azerbaijan11 Apr 1994 aBahamas28 Feb 2008 aBangladesh17 Mar 1977 9 May 1977 Barbados13 Dec 1978 aBelgium16 Mar 1977 9 Dec 1977 Belize15 Dec 1982 aBenin28 Dec 1977 aBhutan13 Dec 1978 aBolivia (Plurinational State of)27 Jul 1977 30 Dec 1977 Bosnia and Herzegovina18 Mar 1994 aBotswana21 Jul 1977 aBrazil13 Apr 1977 2 Nov 1978 Burkina Faso14 Dec 1977 aBurundi13 Dec 1978 aCabo Verde12 Oct 1977 aCambodia25 Aug 1992 aCameroon20 Jun 1977 aCanada10 Feb 1977 28 Nov 1977 Central African Republic11 Dec 1978 aChad13 Oct 1977 3 Nov 1977 Chile19 Jan 1977 2 Jun 1978 China15 Jan 1980 aColombia16 Jul 1979 aComoros13 Dec 1977 aCongo30 Jun 1977 27 Jul 1978 Cook Islands25 Mar 1993 aCosta Rica20 Dec 1977 16 Nov 1978 Côte d'Ivoire19 Jan 1982 aCroatia24 Mar 1997 aCuba23 Sep 1977 15 Nov 1977 Cyprus20 Dec 1977 aDemocratic People's Republic of Korea23 Feb 1987 aDemocratic Republic of the Congo23 May 1977 12 Oct 1977 Denmark11 Jan 1977 28 Jun 1977 Djibouti14 Dec 1977 aDominica29 Jan 1980 aDominican Republic29 Dec 1977 aEcuador 1 Apr 1977 19 Jul 1977 Egypt18 Feb 1977 11 Oct 1977 El Salvador21 Mar 1977 31 Oct 1977 Equatorial Guinea29 Jul 1981 aEritrea31 Mar 1994 aEstonia 5 Dec 2012 aEswatini18 Nov 1977 18 Nov 1977 Ethiopia20 Jul 1977 7 Sep 1977 Fiji28 Mar 1978 aFinland24 Feb 1977 30 Nov 1977 France21 Jan 1977 12 Dec 1977 AAGabon 5 Jun 1978 aGambia13 Dec 1977 aGeorgia 1 Feb 1995 aGermany<superscript>3,4</superscript>29 Mar 1977 14 Oct 1977 Ghana19 Oct 1977 5 Dec 1977 Greece<superscript>5</superscript> 1 Jul 1977 30 Nov 1978 Grenada25 Jul 1980 aGuatemala30 Nov 1978 aGuinea<superscript>6</superscript> 3 May 1977 12 Jul 1977 Guinea-Bissau25 Jan 1978 aGuyana13 Dec 1977 aHaiti19 Dec 1977 aHonduras 5 Jul 1977 13 Dec 1977 Hungary13 Jul 2011 aIceland 8 Aug 2001 aIndia21 Jan 1977 28 Mar 1977 Indonesia18 Feb 1977 27 Sep 1977 Iran (Islamic Republic of)27 Apr 1977 12 Dec 1977 Iraq23 Nov 1977 13 Dec 1977 Ireland28 Apr 1977 14 Oct 1977 Israel28 Apr 1977 10 Jan 1978 Italy26 Jan 1977 10 Dec 1977 Jamaica24 Mar 1977 13 Apr 1977 Japan11 Feb 1977 25 Oct 1977 AJordan15 Feb 1979 aKazakhstan25 Sep 1998 aKenya30 Mar 1977 10 Nov 1977 Kiribati23 Feb 2005 aKuwait 4 Mar 1977 29 Jul 1977 Kyrgyzstan10 Sep 1993 aLao People's Democratic Republic13 Dec 1978 aLebanon20 Jun 1978 aLesotho13 Dec 1977 aLiberia11 Apr 1978 aLibya15 Apr 1977 aLuxembourg<superscript>7</superscript>18 Feb 1977 9 Dec 1977 Madagascar12 Jan 1979 aMalawi13 Dec 1977 aMalaysia23 Jan 1990 aMaldives15 Jan 1980 aMali30 Jun 1977 30 Sep 1977 Malta24 Feb 1977 23 Sep 1977 Marshall Islands18 Feb 2009 aMauritania26 Jun 1979 aMauritius29 Jan 1979 aMexico 2 Aug 1977 31 Oct 1977 Micronesia (Federated States of)16 Feb 2015 aMongolia 9 Feb 1994 aMontenegro16 Feb 2015 aMorocco22 Dec 1976 16 Dec 1977 Mozambique16 Oct 1978 aMyanmar23 Jan 1990 aNamibia16 Oct 1992 aNauru13 Feb 2013 aNepal 5 May 1978 aNetherlands (Kingdom of the)<superscript>8</superscript> 4 Feb 1977 29 Jul 1977 ANew Zealand<superscript>9</superscript>10 Oct 1977 10 Oct 1977 Nicaragua18 May 1977 28 Oct 1977 Niger13 Dec 1977 aNigeria 6 May 1977 25 Oct 1977 Niue20 Jul 2006 aNorth Macedonia26 Jan 1994 aNorway20 Jan 1977 8 Jul 1977 Oman19 Apr 1983 aPakistan<superscript>10</superscript>28 Jan 1977 9 Mar 1977 Palau16 Feb 2015 aPanama 8 Mar 1977 13 Apr 1977 Papua New Guinea 4 Jan 1978 11 May 1978 Paraguay23 Mar 1979 aPeru20 Sep 1977 6 Dec 1977 Philippines 5 Jan 1977 4 Apr 1977 Poland29 Jan 2020 aPortugal<superscript>5</superscript>30 Sep 1977 30 Nov 1978 Qatar13 Dec 1977 aRepublic of Korea 2 Mar 1977 26 Jan 1978 Republic of Moldova17 Jan 1996 aRomania22 Mar 1977 25 Nov 1977 Russian Federation19 Feb 2014 aRwanda10 May 1977 29 Nov 1977 Samoa13 Dec 1977 aSao Tome and Principe22 Apr 1978 aSaudi Arabia 5 Jul 1977 15 Jul 1977 Senegal19 Jul 1977 13 Dec 1977 Serbia14 Feb 2024 aSeychelles13 Dec 1978 aSierra Leone15 Feb 1977 14 Oct 1977 Solomon Islands13 Mar 1981 aSomalia26 Jan 1977 8 Sep 1977 South Africa14 Feb 1997 aSouth Sudan22 Feb 2012 aSpain22 Jun 1977 27 Nov 1978 Sri Lanka15 Feb 1977 23 Mar 1977 St. Kitts and Nevis21 Jan 1986 aSt. Lucia 9 Oct 1980 aSt. Vincent and the Grenadines 8 Mar 1990 aSudan21 Mar 1977 12 Dec 1977 Suriname15 Feb 1983 aSweden12 Jan 1977 17 Jun 1977 Switzerland24 Jan 1977 21 Oct 1977 Syrian Arab Republic 8 Sep 1977 29 Nov 1978 Tajikistan26 Jan 1994 aThailand19 Apr 1977 30 Nov 1977 Timor-Leste 4 Mar 2003 aTogo26 Apr 1979 aTonga12 Apr 1982 aTrinidad and Tobago<superscript>11</superscript>24 Mar 1988 aTunisia27 Jan 1977 23 Aug 1977 Türkiye17 Nov 1977 14 Dec 1977 Tuvalu13 Feb 2013 aUganda 6 Jul 1977 31 Aug 1977 United Arab Emirates 5 Oct 1977 28 Dec 1977 AUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 7 Jan 1977 9 Sep 1977 United Republic of Tanzania18 Jul 1977 25 Nov 1977 United States of America22 Dec 1976 4 Oct 1977 Uruguay 5 Apr 1977 16 Dec 1977 Uzbekistan19 Feb 2011 aVanuatu13 Feb 2013 aVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 4 Jan 1977 13 Oct 1977 Viet Nam13 Dec 1977 aYemen<superscript>12</superscript>13 Dec 1977 aZambia16 Dec 1977 aZimbabwe22 Jan 1981 a14CubaDeclaration:The Government of the Republic of Cuba considers that, although the Agreement deals with matters affecting the interests of all States, the provisions of article 3, section 1, are discriminatory in nature since they deprive a number of States of the right to sign and accede to the Agreement, contrary to the principle of universality.Reservation:The Government of the Republic of Cuba wishes to make an express reservation to article 11, section 2, of the Agreement, since it feels that any disputes arising between States, or between States and the Fund, concerning the interpretation or application of the Agreement should be resolved through direct negotiations by diplomatic means.Egypt<superscript>14</superscript>FranceIn depositing its instrument of approval, the Government of the French Republic declares, in accordance with the provisions of section 4 of article 13, that it will not accept, in so far as it is concerned, the application of the procedure provided for in section 2 of article 11 whereby a party may request the President of the International Court of Justice to appoint an arbitrator.GuatemalaThe <i>de facto </i> relations which may arise between Guatemala and Belize as a result of the latter's accession to the Agreement should not in any way be construed as a recognition on the part of Guatemala of the sovereignty and independence of that territory, which were unilaterally declared by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Iraq"Entry into the [. . .] Agreement by the Republic of Iraq shall, however, in no way signify recognition of Israel or be conducive to entry into any relations with it."Kuwait"It is understood that the ratification by the State of Kuwait of the Agreement Establishing the International Fund for Agricultural Development, signed by the State of Kuwait on 4 March, 1977, does not mean in any way recognition of Israel by the State of Kuwait. Furthermore, no treaty relations will arise between the State of Kuwait and Israel."RomaniaUpon signature (confirmed upon ratification):The interpretation and application of the provisions of the Agreement establishing the International Fund for Agricultural Development, including those relating to voting procedures, and all activities of IFAD must take place on a democratic basis, in accordance with the purpose for which the Fund was established, namely, to assist the developing countries in their efforts to develop their agriculture.Upon ratification:ReservationThe Socialist Republic of Romania declares, pursuant to the provisions of article 13, section 4, of the Agreement establishing the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), concluded at Rome on 13 June 1976, that it does not consider itself bound by the provisions of article 11, section 2, of the Agreement.The Socialist Republic of Romania considers that disputes between the Fund and a State which has ceased to be a member, or between the Fund and one of the members upon the termination of the Fund's operations, can be submitted to arbitration only with the consent of all parties to the dispute in each individual case.Saudi ArabiaUpon signature:The participation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the Agreement shall in no way imply recognition of Israel and shall not lead to entry into dealings with Israel under this Agreement.Syrian Arab Republic<superscript>15</superscript>"It is understood that the ratification of this Agreement by the Syrian Arab Republic does not mean in any way recognition of Israel by the Syrian Arab Republic. Furthermore, no treaty relations will arise between the Syrian Arab Republic and Israel."United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"The Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [notifies the Secretary-General] in accordance with article 10, section 2 (b) (ii) of the Agreement, that the standard clauses of the Convention on the privileges and immunities of the specialized agencies shall apply to the Fund in the United Kingdom, subject to the following modifications:"1. The following shall be substituted for section 4:`(1) The Fund shall have immunity from jurisdiction and execution except: (a) to the extent that it shall, by a decision of the Executive Board, have waived such immunity in a particular case. However, the Fund shall be deemed to have waived such immunity if, upon receiving a request for waiver submitted either by the person or body before which the proceedings are pending, or by another party to the proceedings, it has not given notice within two months after receipt of the request that it does not waive immunity; (b) in respect of a civil action by a third party in respect of loss, injury or damage arising from an accident caused by a vehicle belonging to, or operated on behalf of, the Fund or in respect of an offence involving such a vehicle; (c) in the event of the attachment, pursuant to a decision of a judicial authority, of the salary and emoluments owed by the Fund to a member of its staff; (d) in respect of the enforcement of an arbitration award made under article 11 of the Agreement establishing the Fund. (2) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of this section no action shall be brought against the Fund by a Member or person acting for or deriving claims from a Member.'"2. The immunity conferred by section 5 upon the property and assets of the Fund shall be subject to the provisions of paragraph 1 (c) above."3. The following shall be substituted for section 11:`Official communications of the Fund shall be accorded by the Government of the United Kingdom treatment not less favourable than that which it accords to the official communications of other international financial institutions of which it is a Member, taking into account its international obligations in respect of telecommunications.'"4. The following shall be substituted for sections 13-15, 17-21, and 25-30:`(1) All representatives of Members (other than representatives of the Government of the United Kingdom), the President and all other staff of the Fund: (a) shall be immune from legal process in respect of acts performed by them in the exercise of their functions, except in the case of loss, injury or damage caused by a vehicle belonging to or driven by them or an offence involving such a vehicle; (b) shall be accorded no less favourable immunities from immigration restrictions, alien registration requirements and national service obligations, and no less favourable treatment as regards exchange regulations, than are accorded by the Government of the United Kingdom to the representatives to, and officials and employees of comparable rank of any other international financial institution of which it is a Member; and (c) shall be granted no less favourable treatment in respect of travelling facilities than is accorded by the Government of the United Kingdom to representatives to, and officials and employees of comparable rank of, any other international financial institution of which it is a member. (2) (a) No tax shall be levied on or in respect of salaries and emoluments paid by the Fund to the President and other members of the staff of the Fund unless they are citizens of the United Kingdom and Colonies or resident in the United Kingdom. (b) The provisions of paragraph (a) shall not apply to annuities and pensions paid by the Fund to its former President or other members of its staff.'"UzbekistanReservation:“In accordance with section 4 of article 13 of the Agreement, the Republic of Uzbekistan declares that it does not consider itself bound by the provisions of section 2 of article 11 of the Agreement.”Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)Since the procedure established for the settlement of disputes arising in connexion with the application or interpretation of this Agreement is incompatible with Venezulean legislation, Venezuela expresses a specific reservation concerning article 11, section 2.1On 1 September 2004, the Government of Australia informed the Secretary-General that it had decided to denounce the Agreement. The action will become effective for Australia on 31 July 2007, in accordance with its article 9, Section 1(b).2The former Yugoslavia had signed and ratified the Agreement on 10 February 1977 and 12 December 1977, respectively [the amout of the initial contribution as specified in the instrument in accordance with article 4(2) (a) and (b) being in US dollars 300, 000 (category III) to be paid in dinars]. See also note 1 under “Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Croatia", "former Yugoslavia", "Slovenia", "The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" and "Yugoslavia" in the "Historical Information" section in the front matter of this volume.3See note 2 under “Germany” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.4See note 1 under “Germany” regarding Berlin (West) in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.5By resolutions 53/XII and 65/XIV, the Governing Council of the International Fund for Agricultural Development, at its Twelfth and Fourteenth Sessions, held from 24 to 26 January and 7 to 8 June 1989, and from 29 to 30 May 1991, decided, in accordance with section 3 (b) of article 3 of the Agreement, to reclassify Greece and Portugal from Category III to Category I, with effect from 24 January 1989 and 29 May 1991, respectively.6The amount payable in three instalments.7In its instrument of ratification the Government of Luxembourg specified that its initial contribution would consist in the equivalent 320,000 Special Drawing Rights (SDR) in Belgian francs.8For the Kingdom in Europe and as from 1 January 1986 to Aruba. See also note 1under “Netherlands” regarding Aruba/Netherlands Antilles in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.9See note 1 under “New Zealand” regarding Tokelau in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.10One half of the amount payable in Pakistan rupees and one half payable in convertible currency.11On 27 March 1997, the Government of Trinidad and Tobago notified the Secretary-General of its denunciation of the Agreement. The withdrawal was to take effect on 27 September 1997. On 26 September 1997, the Government of Trinidad and Tobago notified the Secretary-General of its decision to suspend the withdrawal from the Agreement.12Of the amount, 10,000 United States dollars freely convertible. The Yemen Arab Republic acceded to the Fund on 6 February 1979 (its membership having been approved by the Governing Council on 13 December 1977). See also note 1 under “Yemen” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.13Categories of States not having made an initial contribution, in accordance with article 4 (2) (a) and (b), included: Category I: Portugal. Category III: Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Oman, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Thailand, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Uruguay and Zimbabwe.14In a notification received on 18 January 1980, the Government of Egypt informed the Secretary-General that it had decided to withdraw the declaration relating to Israel. The notification indicates 25 January 1980 as the effective date of the withdrawal. For the text of the said declaration see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 1059, p. 3l9.15In a communication received by the Secretary-General on 24 January 1979, the Government of Israel declared the following: "The instrument deposited by the Government of the Syrian Arab Republic contains a statement of a political character in respect to Israel. In the view of the Government of Israel, this is not the proper place for making such political pronouncements, which are moreover in flagrant contradiction to the principles, objects and purposes of the Organization. That pronouncement by the Government of the Syrian Arab Republic cannot in any way affect whatever obligations are binding upon it under general international law or under particular treaties. "The Government of Israel will, insofar as concerns the substance of the matter, adopt towards the Government of the Syrian Arab Republic an attitude of complete reciprocity."