CHAPTER VI

NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES14Protocol for Limiting and Regulating the Cultivation of the Poppy Plant, the Production of, International and Wholesale Trade in, and use of OpiumNew York, 23 June 1953Entry into force8 March 1963, in accordance with article 21.Registration8 March 1963, No. 6555StatusSignatories34Parties51TextUnited Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 456, p. 3.The Protocol was adopted and opened for signature by the United Nations Opium Conference, held at United Nations Headquarters, New York, from 11 May to 18 June 1953. The Conference was convened by the Secretary-General of the United Nations pursuant to resolution <a href="/doc/source/docs/E_RES_436A_XIV-E.pdf" target="_blank">436 A (XIV)</a><superscript>1</superscript> of 27 May 1952 of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. The Conference also adopted the Final Act and seventeen resolutions, for the text of which see United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 456, p. 3. <i>In accordance with its article 44 (1), the provisions of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the Protocol amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 of 8 August 1975, as between the parties thereto, terminates and replaces the provisions of the above Protocol. See chapter VI.18. </i>

Participant<superscript>2</superscript>Signature, Succession to signature(d)Ratification, Accession(a), Succession(d)Argentina24 Mar 1958 aAustralia13 Jan 1955 aBelgium30 Jun 1958 aBrazil 3 Nov 1959 aCambodia29 Dec 1953 22 Mar 1957 Cameroon15 Jan 1962 dCanada23 Dec 1953 7 May 1954 Central African Republic 4 Sep 1962 dChile 9 Jul 1953 9 May 1957 China<superscript>3</superscript>25 May 1954 Congo15 Oct 1962 dCosta Rica16 Oct 1953 Côte d'Ivoire 8 Dec 1961 dCuba 8 Sep 1954 aDemocratic Republic of the Congo31 May 1962 dDenmark23 Jun 1953 20 Jul 1954 Dominican Republic23 Jun 1953 9 Jun 1958 Ecuador23 Jun 1953 17 Aug 1955 Egypt23 Jun 1953 8 Mar 1954 El Salvador31 Dec 1959 aFrance23 Jun 1953 21 Apr 1954 Germany<superscript>4,5</superscript>23 Jun 1953 12 Aug 1959 Greece23 Jun 1953 6 Feb 1963 Guatemala29 May 1956 aIndia23 Jun 1953 30 Apr 1954 Indonesia11 Jul 1957 aIran (Islamic Republic of)15 Dec 1953 30 Dec 1959 Iraq29 Dec 1953 Israel30 Dec 1953 8 Oct 1957 Italy23 Jun 1953 13 Nov 1957 Japan23 Jun 1953 21 Jul 1954 Jordan 7 May 1958 aLebanon11 Nov 1953 Liechtenstein23 Jun 1953 24 May 1961 Luxembourg28 Jun 1955 aMadagascar31 Jul 1963 dMonaco26 Jun 1953 12 Apr 1956 Montenegro<superscript>6</superscript>23 Oct 2006 dNetherlands (Kingdom of the)30 Dec 1953 New Zealand<superscript>7</superscript>[28 Dec 1953 ][ 2 Nov 1956 ]Nicaragua11 Dec 1959 aNiger 7 Dec 1964 dPakistan 3 Dec 1953 10 Mar 1955 Panama28 Dec 1953 13 Apr 1954 Papua New Guinea28 Oct 1980 dParaguay15 Aug 2001 aPhilippines23 Jun 1953 1 Jun 1955 Republic of Korea23 Jun 1953 29 Apr 1958 Rwanda30 Apr 1964 dSenegal 2 May 1963 dSerbia<superscript>8</superscript>12 Mar 2001 dSouth Africa29 Dec 1953 9 Mar 1960 Spain22 Oct 1953 15 Jun 1956 Sri Lanka 4 Dec 1957 aSweden16 Jan 1958 aSwitzerland23 Jun 1953 27 Nov 1956 Türkiye28 Dec 1953 15 Jul 1963 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland23 Jun 1953 United States of America23 Jun 1953 18 Feb 1955 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)30 Dec 1953 CambodiaThe Royal Government of Cambodia expresses its intention of availing itself of the provisions of article 19 of the Protocol.FranceIt is expressly declared that the French Government reserves the right, in respect of French establishments in India, to apply the transitional measures of article 19 of this Protocol, it being understood that the period mentioned in paragraph 1, sub-paragraph (b) (iii) of that article shall be fifteen years after the coming into effect of this Protocol.The French Government likewise reserves the right in accordance with the transitional measures of article 19 to authorize the export of opium to French establishments in India for the same period of time.India"1. It is hereby expressly declared that the Government of India, in accordance with the provisions of article 19 of this Protocol, will permit"(i) The use of opium for quasi-medical purposes until 31 December 1959;"(ii) The production of opium and the export thereof, for quasi-medical purposes, to Pakistan, Ceylon, Aden and the French and Portuguese possessions on the subcontinent of India for a period of fifteen years from the date of the coming into force of this Protocol; and"(iii) The smoking of opium, for their lifetime, by addicts not under 21 years of age, registered by the appropriate authorities for that purpose on or before 30 September 1953."2. The Government of India expressly reserve to them selves the right to modify this declaration or to make any other declaration under article 19 of this Protocol, at the time of the deposit by them of their instrument of ratification."Iran (Islamic Republic of)"The Imperial Government of Iran, in accordance with article 25 of the Protocol for Limiting and Regulating the Cultivation of the Poppy Plant, the Production of, International and Wholesale Trade in, and Use of Opium, done at New York on 23 June 1953, and in accordance with article 16 of the Bill approved by the Iranian Parliament on 16 Bahman 1337 (7 February 1959), declares its ratification of the Protocol, and hereby further specifies that its ratification of the Protocol will in no way affect the status of the Law providing for the Prohibition of the Poppy Cultivation, as approved by Parliament on 7 Aban 1334 (30 October 1955)."Pakistan"The Government of Pakistan will permit for a period of fifteen years after the coming into effect of the said Protocol: (i) the use of opium for quasi-medical purposes; and (ii) the production of opium and/or import thereof from India or Iran for such purposes."

ParticipantDate of receipt of the notificationTerritories

Australia13 Jan 1955Norfolk Island, Papua, Trust Territory of Naura and Trust Territory of New GuineaBelgium30 Jun 1958Belgian Congo and Ruanda-UrundiFrance21 Apr 1954Territories of the French UnionNew Zealand 2 Nov 1956Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau Islands and Trust Territory of Western SamoaSouth Africa29 Dec 1953South West AfricaUnited States of America18 Feb 1955All areas for the international relations of which the United States is responsible1<i>Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, Fourteenth Session, Supplement No. 1 </i> (E/2332), p. 28.2The Protocol had been signed on behalf of the Republic of Viet-Nam on 23 June 1953. See also note 1 under “Viet Nam” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.3Signed and ratified on behalf of the Republic of China on 18 September 1953 and 25 May 1954, respectively. See note concerning signatures, ratifications, accessions, etc. on behalf of China (note 1 under “China” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume).In communications addressed to the Secretary-General with reference to the above-mentioned signature and/or ratification, the Permanent Missions to the United Nations of Czechoslovakia, Denmark, India, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Yugoslavia stated that, since their Governments did not recognize the Nationalist Chinese authorities as the Government of China, they could not regard the said signature or ratification as valid. The Permanent Missions of Czechoslovakia and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics further stated that the sole authorities entitled to act for China and the Chinese people in the United Nations and in international relations, and to sign, ratify, accede or denounce treaties, conventions and agreements on behalf of China, were the Government of the People's Republic of China and its duly appointed representatives.In a note addressed to the Secretary-General, the Permanent Mission of China to the United Nations stated that the Government of the Republic of China was the only legal Government which represented China and the Chinese people in international relations and that, therefore, the allegations made in the above-mentioned communica tions as to the lack of validity of the signature or ratification in question had no legal foundation whatever.4See note 1 under “Germany” concerning Berlin (West) in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.5See note 2 under “Germany” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.6See note 1 under "Montenegro" in the "Historical Information" section in the front matter of this volume.7The instrument of denunciation of the Protocol was deposited by the Government of New Zealand on 17 December 1968 in respect of the metropolitan territory of New Zealand and in respect of the Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau Islands, the denunciation to take effect on 1 January 1969.8The former Yugoslavia had signed the Protocol on 24 June 1953. See also note 1 under "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Croatia", "former Yugoslavia", "Slovenia", "The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" and "Yugoslavia" in the "Historical Information" section in the front matter of this volume.