CHAPTER XXVII

ENVIRONMENT1gProtocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic PollutantsAarhus, 24 June 1998Entry into force23 October 2003, in accordance with article 18(1) which reads as follows: "1. The present Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day following the date on which the sixteenth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession has been deposited with the Depositary. 2. For each State and organization referred to in article 15, paragraph 1, which ratifies, accepts or approves the present Protocol or accedes thereto after the deposit of the sixteenth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day following the date of deposit by such Party of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.".Registration23 October 2003, No. 21623StatusSignatories36Parties34TextUnited Nations, <i>Treaty Series</i>, vol. 2230, p. 79; Document of the Economic and Social Council <a href="/doc/source/docs/EB.AIR_WG.1_1998_2-E.pdf" target="_blank">EB.AIR/1998/2</a>; C.N.554.2010.TREATIES-2 of 14 September 2010 (Amendments to Annexes V and VII) and C.N.844.2010.TREATIES-8 of 20 December 2010 (Entry into force of the Amendments to Annexes V and VII to the Protocol)<superscript>1,2</superscript>.(1) Open for signature at Aarhus (Denmark) from 24 to 25 June 1998, then at United Nations Headquarters until 21 December 1998, by States members of the Economic Commission for Europe as well as States having consultative status with the Commission pursuant to paragraph 8 of Economic and Social Council resolution <a href="/doc/source/docs/E_RES_36_IV-E.pdf" target="_blank">36 (IV)</a><superscript>3</superscript> of 28 March 1947, and by regional economic integration organizations, constituted by sovereign States members of the Commission, which have competence in respect of the negotiation, conclusion and application of international agreements in matters covered by the Protocol, provided that the States and organizations concerned are Parties to the Convention. (2) By Decision 2009/3, adopted on 18 December 2009 at the twenty-seventh session of the Executive Body, held in Geneva, Switzerland from 14 to 18 December 2009, the Parties adopted Amendments to Annexes V and VII to the Protocol, in accordance with paragraph 4 of article 14 of the Protocol. In accordance with paragraphs 4 and 5, of article 14, Amendments to annexes V and VII shall be adopted by consensus of the Parties present at a session of the Executive Body. On the expiry of ninety days from the date of its communication to all Parties by the Executive Secretary of the Commission, an amendment to any such annex shall become effective for those Parties which have not submitted to the Depositary a notification in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 5 below, provided that at least sixteen Parties have not submitted such a notification. 5. Any Party that is unable to approve an amendment to annex V or VII shall so notify the Depositary in writing within ninety days from the date of the communication of its adoption. The Depositary shall without delay notify all Parties of any suchnotification received. A Party may at any time substitute an acceptance for its previous notification and, upon deposit of an instrument of acceptance with the Depositary, the amendment to such an annex shall become effective for that Party (See depositary notification C.N.554.2010.TREATIES-2, of 14 September 2010).

ParticipantSignatureRatification, Accession(a), Acceptance(A), Approval(AA)Armenia18 Dec 1998 Austria24 Jun 1998 27 Aug 2002 Belgium24 Jun 1998 25 May 2006 Bulgaria24 Jun 1998 5 Dec 2001 Canada24 Jun 1998 18 Dec 1998 Croatia24 Jun 1998 6 Sep 2007 Cyprus24 Jun 1998 2 Sep 2004 Czech Republic24 Jun 1998 6 Aug 2002 Denmark<superscript>4</superscript>24 Jun 1998 6 Jul 2001 AAEstonia11 May 2005 aEuropean Union24 Jun 1998 30 Apr 2004 AAFinland24 Jun 1998 3 Sep 2002 AFrance24 Jun 1998 25 Jul 2003 AAGermany24 Jun 1998 25 Apr 2002 Greece24 Jun 1998 Hungary18 Dec 1998 7 Jan 2004 Iceland24 Jun 1998 29 May 2003 Ireland24 Jun 1998 9 Mar 2021 Italy24 Jun 1998 20 Jun 2006 Latvia24 Jun 1998 28 Oct 2004 Liechtenstein24 Jun 1998 23 Dec 2003 ALithuania24 Jun 1998 16 Jun 2006 Luxembourg24 Jun 1998 1 May 2000 Montenegro 9 Feb 2012 aNetherlands (Kingdom of the)<superscript>5</superscript>24 Jun 1998 23 Jun 2000 ANorth Macedonia 1 Nov 2010 aNorway24 Jun 1998 16 Dec 1999 Poland24 Jun 1998 Portugal24 Jun 1998 Republic of Moldova24 Jun 1998 1 Oct 2002 Romania24 Jun 1998 5 Sep 2003 Serbia26 Mar 2012 aSlovakia24 Jun 1998 30 Dec 2002 ASlovenia24 Jun 1998 15 Nov 2005 Spain24 Jun 1998 15 Feb 2011 Sweden24 Jun 1998 19 Jan 2000 Switzerland24 Jun 1998 14 Nov 2000 Ukraine24 Jun 1998 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland24 Jun 1998 2 Sep 2005 United States of America24 Jun 1998 AustriaDeclarations:“The Republic of Austria declares in accordance with Article 3 Paragraph 5 (a) and Annex III of the Protocol the year 1987 as a reference year for the obligations of this Paragraph.The Republic of Austria declares in accordance with Article 12 of the Protocol that it accepts both of the means of dispute settlement mentioned in Paragraph 2 as compulsory in relation to any party accepting an obligation concerning one or both of these means of disputes settlement.”EstoniaDeclaration:".....the Republic of Estonia informs that in accordance with the Article 3 paragraph 5 subparagraph a of the Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants the Republic of Estonia chose reference years as follows:1) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-1995;2) Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) - 1990;3) Hexaclorobenzene (HCB) - 1995."FinlandDeclaration:"Pursuant to article 3 (5) of the Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants, the Republic of Finland specifies 1994 as its reference year in accordance with annex III of the said Protocol."LiechtensteinDeclaration:“The Principality of Liechtenstein declares in accordance with Article 12, paragraph 2, of the Protocol that it accepts both of the means of dispute settlement mentioned in this paragraph as compulsory in relation to any party accepting an obligation concerning one or both of these means of dispute settlement.”LuxembourgDeclaration:Article 3, paragraph 5, of [the Protocol], provides that each Party shall reduce its total annual emissions of each of the substances listed in annex III from the level of the emission in a reference year set in accordance with that annex. Annex III sets as the reference year 1990, or an alternative year from 1985 to 1995 inclusive specified by a Party upon ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.[The Government of Luxembourg hereby declares] that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg intends to choose 1990 as the reference year.Netherlands (Kingdom of the)<right>17 February 2010</right>Declaration:“The Kingdom of the Netherlands declares, in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 12 of the Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants, that it accepts both means of dispute settlement referred to in that paragraph as compulsory in relation to any Party accepting one or both means of dispute settlement.”NorwayDeclarations:“1. With reference to Article 3 no 5 Litra (a) and Annex III, Norway hereby declares that the reference year should be 1990.2. With reference to Article 12 no 2, Norway hereby declares that, in respect of any dispute concerning the interpretation or application of the Protocol, it recognizes only the following means of dispute settlement as compulsory <i>ipso facto </i> and without special agreement, in relation to any Party accepting the same obligation:a) Submission of the dispute to the International Court of Justice.”RomaniaRomania declares that the reference year set in accordance with Article 3, paragraph 5 (a), and Annex III of the Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants is the year 1989.Serbia<left>Declarations</left>“The Republic of Serbia declares, in accordance with Article 3, paragraph 5 (a) and Annex III to the Protocol, the year 1990 as a reference year for the obligations. The Republic of Serbia declares that, in accordance with Annex II, it wants to be considered as a State economy in transition.”SlovakiaDeclaration:“Pursuant to Article 3, paragraph 5 (a), and Annex III of the Protocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants, the Slovak Republic hereby declares the year 1990 as its reference year."SpainDeclaration:For the purposes of Annex III of the Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants, Spain selects 1990 as its reference year for the compliance with the reduction in emissions of the substances listed in that Annex.1 On 10 December 2010, the Government of Canada notified the Secretary-General, in accordance with paragraph 5 of article 14 of the Protocol, that it is unable to accept the amendments to Annexes V and VII of the Protocol, transmitted by depositary notification C.N.554.2010.TREATIES-2 of 14 September 2010 (Refer to Depositary Notification C.N.803.2010.TREATIES-7 of 13 December 2010). Subsequently, Canada notified its acceptance of the amendments. The Amendments to Annexes V and VII to the Protocol entered into force for Canada on the date of deposit of its instrument of acceptance, i.e., on 23 November 2011.2 On 2 December 2010, the Government of the Czech Republic notified the Secretary-General, in accordance with paragraph 5 of article 14 of the Protocol, that it was unable to accept the amendments to Annexes V and VII of the Protocol. Subsequently, the Czech republic notified its acceptance of the amendments. The Amendments to Annexes V and VII to the Protocol entered into force for the Czech Republic on the date of deposit of its instrument of acceptance, i.e., on 31 March 2011.3 <i> Official Documents of the Economic and Social Council </i> (E/437), p. 36.4 On 13 December 2010, the Government of Denmark notified the Secretary-General: “ … [U]ntil further notice the Amendments [to Annexes V and VII of the Protocol] shall not apply to Greenland.”5 For the Kingdom in Europe.