CHAPTER XXVII
ENVIRONMENT1bProtocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or their Transboundary Fluxes by at least 30 per centHelsinki, 8 July 19852 September 1987, in accordance with article 11(1).2 September 1987, No. 25247Signatories19Parties25United Nations, <i>Treaty Series </i>, vol. 1480, p. 215.The Protocol was drawn up within the framework of the Economic Commission for Europe and was adopted on 8 July 1985 by the Executive Body for the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution. It was open for signature at Helsinki from 8 to 12 July 1985.
ParticipantSignatureRatification, Acceptance(A), Approval(AA), Accession(a), Succession(d)Albania16 Jun 2009 aAustria 9 Jul 1985 4 Jun 1987 Belarus 9 Jul 1985 10 Sep 1986 ABelgium 9 Jul 1985 9 Jun 1989 Bulgaria 9 Jul 1985 26 Sep 1986 AACanada 9 Jul 1985 4 Dec 1985 Czech Republic<superscript>1</superscript>30 Sep 1993 dDenmark 9 Jul 1985 29 Apr 1986 Estonia 7 Mar 2000 aFinland 9 Jul 1985 24 Jun 1986 France 9 Jul 1985 13 Mar 1986 AAGermany<superscript>2,3</superscript> 9 Jul 1985 3 Mar 1987 Hungary 9 Jul 1985 11 Sep 1986 Italy 9 Jul 1985 5 Feb 1990 Liechtenstein 9 Jul 1985 13 Feb 1986 Lithuania15 Mar 2007 aLuxembourg 9 Jul 1985 24 Aug 1987 Netherlands<superscript>4</superscript> 9 Jul 1985 30 Apr 1986 ANorway 9 Jul 1985 4 Nov 1986 Russian Federation 9 Jul 1985 10 Sep 1986 ASlovakia<superscript>1</superscript>28 May 1993 dSweden 9 Jul 1985 31 Mar 1986 Switzerland 9 Jul 1985 21 Sep 1987 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia10 Mar 2010 aUkraine 9 Jul 1985 2 Oct 1986 A
1Czechoslovakia had signed and approved the Protocol on 9 July 1985 and 26 November 1986, respectively. See also note 1 under “Czech Republic” and note 1 under “Slovakia” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.2See note 1 under “Germany” regarding Berlin (West) in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.3The German Democratic Republic had signed and approved the Protocol on 9 July 1985 and 26 November 1986, respectively. See also note 2 under “Germany” in the “Historical Information” section in the front matter of this volume.4For the Kingdom in Europe.